بررسی اثر سوراخ‌آب در کاهش زیرفشار سد انحرافی یوسف کند مهاباد

In order to have an economic design to reduce uplift pressure in weighted concrete dams, so many methods have been proposed that the most important include: adding horizontal apron, cutoffs in upstream and downstream of the dam and weep hole installation in downstream or proper place between the two cutoffs. These implementations also reduce the exit gradient. The effects of these parameters are the main subject of this study. This study focuses on Yusef Kand Mahabad diversion dam, by study on the dam and its simulation in Seep/W software, effect of number of weep hole on uplift pressure, proper location of weep holes on stilling basin and also the length of the dam cutoffs. Simulation was studied on uplift pressure and exit hydraulic gradient in key points of diversion dam and the overall stability of the dam. In this study, it was observed that creating primary upstream cutoff with 8 m length decreases uplifting force about 63% and decrease exit gradient 79% than the case without cutoff. Creating a weep hole in the stilling basin decreases uplifting force 8% and decrease exit gradient 74% than the case without weep hole. Results demonstrate that suitable location of weep holes can reduce uplift pressure and so the diversion dam design can be safe and economical.In order to have an economic design to reduce uplift pressure in weighted concrete dams, so many methods have been proposed that the most important include: adding horizontal apron, cutoffs in upstream and downstream of the dam and weep hole installation in downstream or proper place between the two cutoffs. These implementations also reduce the exit gradient. The effects of these parameters are the main subject of this study. This study focuses on Yusef Kand Mahabad diversion dam, by study on the dam and its simulation in Seep/W software, effect of number of weep hole on uplift pressure, proper location of weep holes on stilling basin and also the length of the dam cutoffs. Simulation was studied on uplift pressure and exit hydraulic gradient in key points of diversion dam and the overall stability of the dam. In this study, it was observed that creating primary upstream cutoff with 8 m length decreases uplifting force about 63% and decrease exit gradient 79% than the case without cutoff. Creating a weep hole in the stilling basin decreases uplifting force 8% and decrease exit gradient 74% than the case without weep hole. Results demonstrate that suitable location of weep holes can reduce uplift pressure and so the diversion dam design can be safe and economical.In order to have an economic design to reduce uplift pressure in weighted concrete dams, so many methods have been proposed that the most important include: adding horizontal apron, cutoffs in upstream and downstream of the dam and weep hole installation in downstream or proper place between the two cutoffs. These implementations also reduce the exit gradient. The effects of these parameters are the main subject of this study. This study focuses on Yusef Kand Mahabad diversion dam, by study on the dam and its simulation in Seep/W software, effect of number of weep hole on uplift pressure, proper location of weep holes on stilling basin and also the length of the dam cutoffs. Simulation was studied on uplift pressure and exit hydraulic gradient in key points of diversion dam and the overall stability of the dam. In this study, it was observed that creating primary upstream cutoff with 8 m length decreases uplifting force about 63% and decrease exit gradient 79% than the case without cutoff. Creating a weep hole in the stilling basin decreases uplifting force 8% and decrease exit gradient 74% than the case without weep hole. Results demonstrate that suitable location of weep holes can reduce uplift pressure and so the diversion dam design can be safe and economical.In order to have an economic design to reduce uplift pressure in weighted concrete dams, so many methods have been proposed that the most important include: adding horizontal apron, cutoffs in upstream and downstream of the dam and weep hole installation in downstream or proper place between the two cutoffs. These implementations also reduce the exit gradient. The effects of these parameters are the main subject of this study. This study focuses on Yusef Kand Mahabad diversion dam, by study on the dam and its simulation in Seep/W software, effect of number of weep hole on uplift pressure, proper location of weep holes on stilling basin and also the length of the dam cutoffs. Simulation was studied on uplift pressure and exit hydraulic gradient in key points of diversion dam and the overall stability of the dam. In this study, it was observed that creating primary upstream cutoff with 8 m length decreases uplifting force about 63% and decrease exit gradient 79% than the case without cutoff. Creating a weep hole in the stilling basin decreases uplifting force 8% and decrease exit gradient 74% than the case without weep hole. Results demonstrate that suitable location of weep holes can reduce uplift pressure and so the diversion dam design can be safe and economical.