نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
چکیده
در سالهای اخیر استخراج بیش از حد آب از منابع آب آبخوانها در سراسر کشور، پایداری منابع آب زیرزمینی را تهدید کرده است. لذا شناخت ارتباط بین آب سطحی و آب زیرزمینی و تبادلات حجمی بین آنها از اهمیت بالایی برخوردار است. در این مطالعه بر اساس بیلان آب سطحی و جریان ماهانه چهار ایستگاه آبسنجی، بازای هر ماه معادلهای برای خروجی هر بازه رودخانه استخراج شد. پارامترهای این معادله، بیانگر ارتباط خالص آب سطحی با جوّ و آب زیرزمینی می باشند. سری تاریخی دادهها به دو دوره بیست ساله تقسیم شد و تبادل آب در دو دوره مقایسه شدند. نتایج مطالعه بر روی سه بازه موجود نشان داد که در بازه اول طی دو دوره، آب زیرزمینی بطور خالص تغذیه کننده آب سطحی بوده است. آب سطحی بازه انتهایی، در دوره اول تغذیه کننده آب زیرزمینی بوده در حالیکه در دوره دوم در اکثر ماهها بوسیله آب زیرزمینی تغذیه شده است. در خشکسالی شدید بجز بازه اول، دو بازه دیگر دچار کمبود آب شدند. یافتهها نشان داد که افزایش آب سطحی بوسیله آب زیرزمینی، اهمیت بالایی در تأمین آب در شرایط خشکسالی دارد. بر اساس نتایج، روش ارائه شده ابزار مناسبی در بررسی تبادل آب سطحی با آب زیرزمینی میباشد.
کلیدواژهها
عنوان مقاله [English]
Assessment of changes in surface water and groundwater interactions in the Leningrad Sub-basin
نویسندگان [English]
- Aliasghar Hashemi
- Rouhallah Fatahi
- Hosein Samadi
چکیده [English]
In this study, water exchange in normal and severe drought conditions was also investigated. Based on the historical time series of zayanderood stream flow in Sadtanzimi, the water years ۱۳۷۳-۱۳۷۴ and ۱۳۷۹-۱۳۸۰ were selected as normal year and severe drought condition, respectively. By derived equations, outflows of three reaches were obtained under normal and drought condition. Based on the results, in normal condition net exchange of surface water was negative in three reaches, and only a small amount of ۵ million cubic meters per year has been added to surface water in the second period. The results in normal year showed that surface water was fed by groundwater in the first reach and in the other two reaches fed groundwater. Compared to the normal water year, significant changes were observed in the exchange of surface water with groundwater and atmosphere in severe drought conditions. In the first reach, surface water gain by groundwater was observed, which this increase is ۱۷% of outflow of this reach during drought conditions. During the drought, only the first period has not faced with shortage. The flows and water exchange in this situation have been such that the observed outflow of the three studied reaches is reduced by half the inflows. Surface water of the first reach has net gain in drought conditions. While under normal conditions, this interval was purely water withdrawal. Duo to the lack of accurate data on withdrawals and return flow, these components of the surface water balance were considered as annual average. However, the obtained results and their comparison with the data and information in the previous studies showed that the proposed method is a suitable toll for assessing the exchange of surface water with groundwater. Therefore, in future studies it is suggested studying this method with more accurate data on exploitation and return flow. Keywords: Surface water and Groundwater Interaction, Streamflow, Mass balance, River reac
کلیدواژهها [English]
- surface water and groundwater interaction
- Stream flow
- Mass balance
- River reach