پژوهش آب ایران

پژوهش آب ایران

مروری بر روش‌های تعیین تبخیر و تعرق پتانسیل در گلخانه با رویکرد کاربرد در آبیاری هوشمند

نوع مقاله : مروری

نویسندگان
1 گروه مهندسی آب ، دانشگاه شهرکرد، شهرکرد، ایران
2 گروه مهندسی آب دانشگاه شهرکرد
چکیده
توسعه تولید محصولات گلخانه‌ای و هوشمندسازی مصرف آب، راهکاری مناسب برای افزایش بهره‌وری مصرف آب در بخش کشاورزی است. از این‌رو تخمین نیاز آبی گلخانه‌ها نیاز به یک بررسی جامع دارد. در این پژوهش مطالعات انجام شده روی روش‌های برآورد تبخیر و تعرق در گلخانه در دنیا و ایران بررسی شد. نتایج نشان داد روش‌های فائو- تابش، پریستلی- تیلور و فائو- پنمن نتایج بهنسبت قابل قبولی ارائه‌ کردند. روش‌هایی مانند پنمن، پنمن- مانتیث- فائو و استانگلینی نیز که در مطالعات بیشتری مورد ارزیابی قرار گرفته‌اند، نسبت به روش‌های دیگر نتایج دقیق‌تری را ارائه کرده‌اند. همچنین نتایج نشان دهنده تفاوت عملکرد یک روش‌ در مناطق مختلف بود. استفاده از پارامترهای آب و هوایی متفاوت و تفاوت در ارتفاع منطقه که بر فشار هوا مؤثر است، می‌تواند دلیل این تفاوت باشد. در انتها می‌توان نتیجه گرفت هرچند لایسی‌متر می‌تواند دقیق‌ترین نتیجه را حاصل نماید ولی به دلیل وقت‌گیر بودن نمی‌توان آن ‌را توصیه نمود. روش تشت تبخیر گلخانه نیز به‌دلیل نیاز به ابزار دقیق اندازه‌گیری عمق آب و ضریب تشت، کارایی لازم را ندارد. بنابراین، بر اساس نتایج پژوهش‌های مختلف، می‌توان روش‌های پنمن-مانتیث، پنمن- مانتیث- فائو و استانگلینی را برای برآورد تبخیر و تعرق گلخانه با خطایی قابل قبول توصیه نمود.
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  • تاریخ دریافت 01 بهمن 1403
  • تاریخ پذیرش 11 اسفند 1403
  • تاریخ انتشار 01 تیر 1404