نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسندگان
1 استادیار گروه علوم و مهندسی آب، مجتمع آموزش عالی تربت جام، تربت جام، ایران
2 استادیار گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، مجتمع آموزش عالی تربت جام، تربت جام، ایران.
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسندگان [English]
Introduction:
Currently, lack of water is one of the important problems in the agricultural sector, which affects the growth and development of plants. To deal with this problem, there are various management strategies that require checking the condition of the plant under deficit irrigation stress. deficit irrigation is one of the management strategies under water stress. In this way, although yield may decrease, this decrease is not significant compared to the profit caused by saving irrigation water consumption, reducing the costs of its extraction, transmission, distribution and storage for other products. Soil physical properties are important because of their important role in supporting plant growth. These characteristics determine interaction effects of the plant with soil, absorption of water and nutrients, penetration of the roots, soil temperature and the activity of microorganisms. Among the physical properties of soil, soil texture has a great influence. Satureja hortensis L is a one-year plant, it is suitable for cultivation in hot and dry areas with a lot of light. Considering the importance of medicinal plants and the few researches have been conducted on the effect of deficit irrigation stress and different soil textures on Satureja hortensis L, the purpose of this research was to investigate the effect of irrigation levels and soil texture on some characteristics and water productivity of Satureja hortensis L.
Methods:
In order to Investigating the effect irrigation levels and soil texture on some characteristics and water productivity of Satureja hortensis L , a factorial experiment was conducted based on a completely randomized design with 3 replications and based on pot culture in 2023 in the experimental research greenhouse at university of Torbat-e Jam, In this experiment, the treatments consisted of 3 levels of irrigation (100, 75 and 50% of water requirement) and three soil textures (loam, clay loam and sandy loam). Class A evaporation pan was used to determine water requirement and water treatments were applied based on it. In this research, the number of nutritional needs of plants at the beginning of the experiment was estimated based on reliable scientific sources and the same amount was provided to the plants so that each plant received its required nutrients at the end of the growth period. Satureja hortensis L plant coefficients for initial, development, and middle growth stages were considered 0/45, 0/78, and 1/3, respectively. irrigation cycle was considered every other day. In this study, plant height, shoot and root dry weight, crown area, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, total chlorophyll, percentage of essential oil, proline and water productivity were measured.
Results:
The results showed that the application of deficit irrigation at the rate of 75 and 50% of the water requirement resulted in reduction of 11.62 and 23.37% of plant height, 23.71 and 50.55% of shoot dry weight and 23.96 and 52.73% root dry weight respectively compared to the control treatment (100 percent water requirement). Also, the total amount of water consumed by each pot in the treatment of 100, 75 and 50% of water requirement was 12.505, 9.378 and 6.252 liters, respectively, and the results showed that with the application of deficit irrigation, the water requirement from 100% to 75 and 50 The percentage of water requirement, the highest level of water productivity was obtained in loam and sandy loam soil in the 75% water requirement treatment and in clay loam soil in the control treatment (100% water requirement). based on the results of this research, it can be said that Satureja hortensis L was sensitive to the stress of deficit irrigation and the application of stress will lead to a decrease in the yield and yield components of this plant. Also, based on the results of this research, the most suitable soil texture for the better growth of the aerial parts of the Satureja hortensis L is loamy texture, so that the highest amount of plant height, dry weight of aerial parts, dry weight of roots, crown surface, chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b and total chlorophyll assigned to himself. Also, the best soil texture in terms of essential oil percentage and proline content was clay loam soil. Considering that the yield of the Satureja hortensis L in the condition of 75% deficit irrigation stress did not decrease much and also due to the lack of water in some areas, it is recommended to use 75% deficit irrigation treatment in the conditions of using loamy soil, in greenhouse conditions.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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